1. INTRODUCTION:

Herbal medicine is one of the world's oldest medical systems and remains one of India's traditional health care systems. traditional treatment combines products (mainly derived from plants, but may also include animal, metal, and mineral), diet, exercise, and lifestyle. Ayurvedic herbs and spices are also an important component of this approach. It protects our body from disease and offer a variety of health benefits, including improved digestion and mental health ‘Ayur’ means ‘life’ and ‘Veda’, means the ‘science’ or ‘knowledge’. In India, Ayurveda is considered a form of medical care, equal to conventional Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, naturopathic medicine, and homeopathic medicine. Practitioners of Ayurveda in India undergo state-recognized, institutionalized training.¹

Advantages Of Ayurvedic Medicines:

Ayurveda is interconnected to Dhanvantari, the physician to the gods in Hindu mythology, who received it from Brahma. Its earliest concepts were set out in the portion of the Vedas known as the Atharvaveda. Ayurveda is a choice of lifestyle, which when adopted in its entirety, brings a wave of general well-being to your daily life. Exercising, having an active lifestyle, adequate sun exposure, appropriate treatments and emotional well- being help to cleanse the mind and spirit. According to the Vedic knowledge, Ayurveda and Yoga are interconnected to each other. It will help if you understand the combined roles of Yoga and Ayurveda together. Vedic knowledge was made the inner functioning of the universe. This is in relation to our consciousness. When it comes to stress, there are several Ayurvedic techniques that help to release stress, like: Contemplation: It helps you to remain in a relaxed condition that helps to reduce your stress hormones.²

Herbal medicaments, as a significant cure in the traditional clinical system, have been utilized in clinical practice for a huge number of years and have made an extraordinary commitment to keeping up human wellbeing.³ Churna is a blend of powdered herbs and additionally minerals utilized in Ayurvedic drugs.⁴ Emblica churna is an appreciable type of a great ayurvedic recipe, utilized for a large number of years

Advantages of Churna.⁵

1. Improvement of absorption

2. Relief from clogging

3. Beneficial in vision-related difficulties

4. Helpful in weight reduction and upgrades insusceptibility⁵

Plant Description: (6)

AMLA (9)

Figure No.01.Amla Fruit

Synonyms: Emblica, Indian goose Berry, Amalki.

Biological Source: This consists of dried, as well as fresh fruits of the emblica officinalis Linn. Belonging to family euphoriasis. It contains not less than 1.0 per cent w/w of gallic acid calculated on dry basis.

Chemical Constituents:

1. Amla fruit is a rich natural source of vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) and contains 600 – 750mg per 100g of the fresh pulp.

2. Furthermore, fruit also contain about 0.5 percent fat, phyllemblin and 5 percent tannin.

3. Amla fruits are also rich in mineral matters like phosphorus, iron and calcium. It contains appreciable amount of pectin.

4. The fresh fruits contain about 75 percent moisture.

5. The fruits are dehydrated and stored. It is found that vitamin content of dried fruits is not lost considerably.

6. It may be due to presence of tannins, which retards oxidation of vitamin C.

Uses:

1. Amla fruits are largely used in Indian medicines. It is used as an acrid, diuretic, refrigerant and laxative.

2. Dried fruits are given in diarrhea and dysentery.

3. They are also administered in jaundice, dyspepsia and Anemia along with iron compound.

4. Fruits are also used in preparation of inks, hair oils and shampoo.

5. It is reported that fixed oil from fruits possesses the property of promoting hair growth.

6. Seeds of the fruits are given in treatment of asthma and bronchitis. The leaves are used as fodder.

7. Alcoholic extract of the fruit is anti-viral.

8. It is a popular ingredient of ‘Triphala’ and “Chyawanprash”.

9. Amla, being a rich source of vitamin C, is considered important to slow the ageing process.

10. It improves skin health.

11. Ageing is a cumulative result of damage to various cells and tissues, mainly by oxygen free radicals.

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Amla was obtained from local market at Jamner. Amla was clean cut and ground to the desired particle size using a Cutter mill i.e., Jyoti Mixer and mortar pestle after that dried to make churna like powder.

2.1 Formulation Table:

Formula for Prepared Amla Churna at laboratory (Table No.1)

Sr. No.	Name of ingredients	Use of ingredients	Amount of ingredients (%)
1.	Amla	Antioxidant/immunity booster	100%

2.2 Procedure:⁵

3. The ingredients used in mainly in this herbal churna are Amla was purchased from a local market.

4. For the ensure the quality and hygienic, the drugs are clean and dried properly.

5. Drugs are kept separately and the drug is crush accordingly.

6. Then, the drug is powered using equipment in a suitable manner.

7. They are sieved using 80-mesh sieve and each one of them powdered and weighed separately and then mixed together in a suitable proportion.

Now: The Amla churna is ready and it is processed for the quality control parameters or standardization.

3. Standardization Parameters:

WHO Guidelines followed for standardization of herbal drugs. Various standardization parameters are as follows:

1. Macroscopic characters

2. Microscopic characters

3. Organoleptic characteristics

a. Colour

b. Odour

c. Taste

d. Touch and texture

4. pH determination

5. Loss on drying

A Total ash value

6 Identification test of amla

7. Angle of Repose

3.1 Macroscopic Characters:⁶

The new and dried powdered plan was watched for colour, smell, taste, size, shape, contact, and crack. The outcomes were recorded in the observation section of the paper.

3.2 Microscopic Characters:⁷

This strategy is utilized for the identification of medications on the cell level. It is utilized to decide the structure of composed medications by their histological characters. It incorporates of entire, certain pieces of rough powdered medications. The perceptions were introduced.

3.3 Organoleptic Characteristics:⁶

These includes all the physical characteristics of active ingredient shown in table no. 2

Title	Standard Parameters
a. Colour	Light brown
b. Odour	Slightly musty
c. Teste	sour
d. Touch and texture	smooth

3.4 PH determination ⁵

The pH of the following drug solutions was determined by using previously calibrated pH meter and recorded.

· 10% w/v solution of drug in water

3.5 Loss of drying⁸

Weight empty crucible and 0.50gm of crude drug weight in preheated oven 100-500degree Celsius for 15 min. place in desiccator for 15 min, Repeat drying in till constant weight.

3.6 Total Ash value⁷

Ash value describes about total inorganic compounds present in the drug. This was determined using the apparatus called muffle furnace. The ground sedate (2g) is burned in a silica cauldron at a temperature not surpassing 450 until liberated from carbon. It is then cooled and weighed to get all out-debris content, which is recorded.

3.7 Identification test of Amla (6):

These includes all the chemical test of active ingredient for identification purpose and shown in table no. 3

Test	Observation
1. Alcoholic or aqueous extract of the drug + ferric chloride	Blue colour
2. Gelatin and sodium chloride in aqueous extract	Milky white colour produced

3.8 Angle of repose:⁵

The test gauges the stature and base of a heap of metal powder after it is poured on to a level surface. The angle of repose can go from 0degree (hypothetical, profoundly streaming substance) to 90 degree (an exceptationally stronge powder) and the shallower the angle, the more libriter streaming the powder.

Angle of repose:

Tan θ = 2h /D

Θ=Angle of Repose

h=Tallness of heap

D= Measurement of heap/powder

4. RESULT:

4.1. Macroscopy:

Fig.No.2. Formulated and Marketed Preparation

4.2. Microscopy

Fig.No.3. Formulated and Marketed Preparation

4.3. Organoleptic characteristic (6)

Result shown in table no.4

Title	Inference of Formulated	Inference of Marketed
a. Colour	Light brown	Dark brown
b. Odour	Slightly musty	tangy
c. Teste	sour	sour
d. Touch and texture	smooth	smooth

4.4. Determination of PH value:

Result shown in table no.5

Types of Preparations	PH
Formulated	4.34
Marketed	4.76

4.5. Determination of loss on drying:

4.5.1. Formulated Churna:

Weight of empty porcelain = 59.93gm

Weight of drug taken =5gm

Weight of empty porcelain + drug taken

=59.93 + 5

= 64.71

Weight of empty porcelain + Drug taken after take in hot air oven =64.71 gm

Moisture contain =before drying – After drying

= 64.93-64.71

=0.22

Therefore, loss of drying tested =0.22

4.5.2. Marketed Churna:

Weight of empty porcelain = 59.93gm

Weight of drug taken = 5gm

Weight of empty porcelain + drug taken

=59.93 + 5

= 64.93

Weight of empty porcelain + Drug taken after take in hot air oven =64.80 gm

Moisture contain = before drying – After drying

= 64.93-64.80

= 0.13

Therefore, loss of drying tested = 0.13

4.6. Determination of ash value:¹⁰

4.6.1. Formulated amla churna:

1. Weight of empty silica crucible: 59.90

2. Weight of powered crude drug - 2 gm

3. WEIGHT OF SILICA CRUSINBLE with ash: 59.62

CALCULATON:

Weight of Ash = weight of silica crucible with ash –weight of empty silica crucible = 0.28

Ash value of 2 gram of crude drug = 0.28gm

Therefore: Ash value 100 gm of crude drug =0.14\2* 100

=0.14*100

=14%

Therefore, Total ash value of Formulated amla is 14%.

4.6.2. Marketed amla churna:

1. Weight of empty silica criucible: - 61.93

2. Weight of powederd crude druge: - 2 gm

3. Weight of silica crucible with ash: - 62.29

CALCULATION:

Weight of ash value= wight of silica crucible with ash-Weight of empty silica crucible

=62.29-61.93

=0.36

Ash value of 2gm of crude drug =0.36

Therefore, ash value of 100gm of crude drug =0.36/2* 100

=0.18*100

=18%

Therefore, total ash value of marketed drug is 18%.

4.7. Angle of repose (5)

Result of angle of repose are given in table no.6

Features	Formulated preparation	Marketed preparation
Angle of repose(degrees)	37.80	36.25

Final Evaluation Table no.7

Features	Formulated	Marketed
pH	4.34	4.76
Loss of Drying	0.22	0.13
Total Ash value	14%	18%
Angle of repose	37.80	36.25

5. RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

A comparative standardization study was conducted on formulated and marketed Amla Churna to evaluate their quality parameters. The results indicated notable differences in ash content, with the formulated sample showing 14% ash and the marketed sample 18% ash, suggesting a lower inorganic content in the formulated product. The moisture content, measured as loss on drying, was low, ranging between 0.1-0.2%, indicating good stability. Microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of parenchymatous cells, stone cells, and calcium oxalate crystals in both samples. Additionally, due to its inherent astringency, Amla Churna exhibited an acidic pH of 4.34.

6. CONCLUSION:

The pharmacognostical, physicochemical, and phytochemical evaluations from this study provide essential insights into the identity, purity, quality, safety, and effectiveness of the natural immunity booster. The standardized parameters we established can be valuable for pharmaceutical industries and research laboratories involved in the development and production of herbal formulations. These measures ensure batch-to-batch consistency, helping to maintain optimal therapeutic efficacy and quality control in herbal products.

7. REFERENCES:

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3. Zaveri M, Khandhar A, Patel S, Patel A. Chemistry and pharmacology of Piper longum L. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. 2010 Nov;5(1):67-76.

4. World Health Organization. Quality control methods for medicinal plant materials. World Health Organization; 1998.

5. Vikas Sharma*, Rahul Kaushik, Pallavi Rai, “Comparative Study of Herbal Formulation and Marketed Formulation of Triphala Churna”, “International Journal of Pharmaceutical Education And Research (IJPER)” June-2020 Page No.21-29

6. Dr. C.K. Kokate, A.P. Purohit, S.B. Gokhale, “Book Of Pharmacognocy”,50^th edition, Sept 2014,Nirali Publication ,page no.=10.4-10.5.

7. “Dr. K. R. Khandelwal, Dr. Vrinda K. Sethi”, “Practical book of Pharmacognancy” ,24^th edition august 2014 Nirali prakashan, pg no :157 to 160

8. Anonymous: Indian Pharmacopoeia, Government of India, Ministry of health, Controller of publication, Delhi, India,1996.

9. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. (1986). The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (Part I, Vol. I, pp. 1–2).

^10.“Vinod.D. Rangari” Book of Pharmacognocy and Phytochemistry”, volume 2, 1^st edition, march 2003, Career publication pg . no:25.9

Received on 15.03.2025 Revised on 05.04.2025

Accepted on 29.04.2025 Published on 10.05.2025

Available online from May 14, 2025

Res. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2025; 17(2):111-115.

DOI: 10.52711/0975-4385.2025.00019

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